Research Paper: Effect of Gonal-F on the Rate of Endometrial Wall Thickness Changes in Ovary-Removed Rat in Presence and Absence of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

Introduction: In implantation, endometrial epithelium is affected by the release of steroid hormones secreted from the ovary and allows the blastocyst to bind. This course is called the “implantation window” and occurs about 4-10 days after the onset of progesterone secretion. Therefore, the endometrium undergoes changes in the configuration of microvilli in the apical membrane, as well as the number and depth of different types of connections between the epithelial cells in the lateral membrane. It also changes in the base membrane in the form of an increase in the thickness of the base laminate, and in membrane folding and cellular skeleton. Ultimately, these changes lead to implantation. Embryo implantation involves different receptors and genes at each stage.  Methods: Animals were anaesthetized by the intraperitoneal injection of high dose of Ketamine and Xylazine. We removed ovaries by surgery. After 72 hours and observing the vaginal plaque, the animals were sacrificed. The left horn of uterus was removed from the animal’s body and placed in fixative solutions, and after tissue processing, the molds were ready to be cut. The sections were stained with general method to determine the thickness of endometrium wall. Results: Analysis of variance results suggested a significant difference in endometrial layer thickness between the groups receiving GONAL-F and other groups (P<0.000). Conclusion: The coadministration of Gonal-F and HCG could provide an appropriate basis for the implantation process by increasing the thickness of endometrium wall and preventing its loss.